{"id":137,"date":"2005-11-29T23:47:43","date_gmt":"2005-11-29T23:47:43","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2005-11-29T23:47:43","modified_gmt":"2005-11-29T23:47:43","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucdchina.com\/baiya\/?p=137","title":{"rendered":"\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30&#038;\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4f30 \uff081\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"attachments\/month_0511\/74v0_00000000000000.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"attachments\/month_0511\/74v0_00000000000000.jpg\" alt=\"attachments\/month_0511\/74v0_00000000000000.jpg\" onload=\"javascript:DrawImage(this,520);\" class=\"img_normal\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<b>\u73b0\u8c61\u4e00\uff1a<\/b><br \/>\n\u6700\u8fd1\u7ecf\u5e38\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u201c\u4e13\u5bb6\u201d\u4eec\u7ed9\u4eba\u5bb6\u505a\u4ea7\u54c1\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u8fd8\u6765\u4e86\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4f30\u201d\uff08\u5145\u5176\u91cf\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e2a\u201c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u201d\uff09\uff0c<br \/>\n\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u670b\u53cb\u5728\u95ee\u6211\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e00\u822c\u600e\u4e48\u505a\uff0c\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c<br \/>\n\u8bf4\u5b9e\u8bdd\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u6211\u751a\u662f\u8ff7\u832b&#8230;<br \/>\n \u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u624b\u5212\u811a\u7adf\u51ed\u4e00\u5df1\u4e4b\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u201c\u4e13\u5bb6\u201d\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u670b\u53cb\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u76f2\u76ee\u5d07\u62dc\u5f00\u59cb\u8131\u79bb\u4e86Usability\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u73b0\u8c61\u4e8c\uff1a<\/b><br \/>\n<!--more-->\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u201c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u201d\u597d\u50cf\u8d8a\u597d\u8d8a\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u201c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u201d\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6210\u4e3a\u7099\u624b\u53ef\u70ed\u7684TITLE\uff1a<br \/>\n\u5f00\u590d\u8001\u5e08\u5728\u7b7e\u552e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u9ad8\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u5173\u6ce8\u5173\u6ce8\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3\u7528\u6237\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u201d\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u6765\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u201d\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u80fd\u770b\u51fa\u6765\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u4e0d\u6df1\u7406\u89e3\uff08\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e13\u4e1a\u53bb\u505a\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u7a0d\u5fae\u6709\u4e9b\u7275\u5f3a\uff09\uff1b<br \/>\nQQ\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u53d1\u5e03\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u9a6c\u5316\u817e\u3001\u817e\u8baf\u6280\u672f\u603b\u76d1\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u63d0\u5230\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u6539\u5584\u7528\u6237\u7684\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u63d0\u5230\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<br \/>\n\u96f7\u519b\u591a\u6b21\u5728\u5bf9\u5916\u7684\u6f14\u8bf4\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u201c\u91d1\u5c71\u4ea7\u54c1\u5df2\u7528\u6237&#8230;\u201d<br \/>\nsina\u3001sohu\u3001MOTO\u3001&#8230;<br \/>\n\u56fd\u5185\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u201d\u7684\u770b\u91cd\u548c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u53ef\u89c1\u4e00\u6591.. \uff1b<\/p>\n<p><b>\u6700\u6709\u611f\u89e6\u7684\u662f\uff1a<\/b><br \/>\n\u535a\u5ba2\u7f51\u7684\u65b9\u5174\u4e1c\u4e5f\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684BLOG\u4e0a\u53d1\u51fa\u4e13\u5e16\uff0c\u8981<a href=\"http:\/\/fangxd.blogchina.com\/3441959.html\" title=\"http:\/\/fangxd.blogchina.com\/3441959.html\" target=\"_blank\">\u201c\u8bda\u8058\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\uff08UE\uff09\u9ad8\u624b\u201d<\/a>\uff0c<br \/>\n\u5199\u5230&quot;<br \/>\n<span style=\"color:Teal\">UE\u6d89\u53ca\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u9875\u9762\u5236\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u539f\u578b\u8bc4\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u4ea7\u54c1\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<br \/>\n\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\uff08UE\uff09\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6211\u4e5f\u7b54\u4e0d\u51fa\u4e13\u4e1a\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u6709\u70b9\u611f\u89c9\u3002<br \/>\n\u505a\u4e2a\u6bd4\u55bb\uff0c\u201c\u6240\u8c13UE\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u7f8e\u5973\u7684\u8eab\u6750\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u51f8\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8981\u51f8\uff0c\u8be5\u51f9\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8981\u51f9\u3002\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u4e3b\u6b21\u5206\u660e\u3002\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u5145\u5206\u4f53\u9a8c\u4ea7\u54c1\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u201c\u6027\u611f\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n\u535a\u5ba2\u7f51\u5728UE\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u5f88\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u4e94\u5b98\u96f6\u4ef6\u5f88\u5168\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u51f8\u51f9\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5374\u4e0d\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u56db\u5904\u96be\u4ee5\u5bfb\u627e\uff0c\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u5bfc\u3002<br \/>\n\u63d0\u5347UE\uff0c\u662f\u5f53\u4e0b\u6025\u8feb\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u957f\u671f\u9700\u8981\u6293\u597d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<br \/>\n\u63d0\u5347\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u8058\u8bf7\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5916\u5305\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u8058\u8bf7\u6709\u5929\u8d4b\u7684UE\u4eba\u624d\u3002\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5e2e\u7740\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8ba9\u535a\u5ba2\u7f51\u6709\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u98de\u8dc3\uff0c\u7115\u7136\u4e00\u65b0\u3002<br \/>\n\u3002\u3002\u3002<\/span>&quot;<br \/>\n\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\u8001\u65b9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u8c26\u865a\uff08\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\uff08UE\uff09\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6211\u4e5f\u7b54\u4e0d\u51fa\u4e13\u4e1a\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u53ebvincent wang\u5f97\u670b\u53cb\u7ed9\u4e86\u597d\u51e0\u6bb5\u56de\u590d\uff0c\u8bf4\u7684\u8fd8\u90fd\u7b97\u6bd4\u8f83\u5185\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684<br \/>\n&quot;<br \/>\n<span style=\"color:Teal\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5916\u5305\uff0c \u5916\u5305\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u975e\u6838\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u7684\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u516c\u53f8\u771f\u7684\u9700\u8981\u5c06UE\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u957f\u671f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u5fc3\u6240\u5728\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06\u8fd9\u9879\u5916\u5305\u7684\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4eca\u540e\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u6c38\u8fdc\u4f53\u73b0\u4e0d\u5728UE\u8fd9\u5feb\u4e86\u3002 UE\u6700\u591a\u662f\u8bf7\u4e00\u4e9b\u516c\u53f8\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u987e\u95ee\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u54a8 \u8be2\u3002 \u5176\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5728\u4e8e\u8fd9\u95f4\u516c\u53f8UE\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f UE \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u671f\u6027\u7684\u516c\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u662f user-centre design\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6218\u7565\u76f8\u7b26\u5408\u3002 \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u5404\u90e8\u95e8\u534f\u8c03\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u8c03\u7814\uff0c\u5230\u4ea7\u54c1\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ece\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5230\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e8c\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u7684\u3002\u524d\u671f\u7684\u8c03\u7814\u4e0e\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u662fUE\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6838 \u5fc3\uff0c\u540e\u671f\u7684 usability test ,\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5929\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c31\u5168\u505a\u4e86\uff1f \uff1a\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&quot; <\/p>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5f97\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ed6\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u590d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:Navy\">=== 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\/>\n\u7531\u4e13\u5bb6\u6839\u636e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5236\u5b9a\u51fa\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u8981\u70b9\u548c\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u62a5\u544a\u63d0\u7eb2\uff1b \u516d\u4eba\u5206\u5f00\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u95ee\u9898..<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u548c\u5206\u5de5\u5e94\u8be5\u4e5f\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u9002\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u56fd\u60c5\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4f01\u4e1a\u90fd\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e48\u51e0\u4e2a\u4eba&#8230;<br \/>\n\u6839\u636e\u6709\u4e09\uff1a<br \/>\n1\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4e13\u5bb6\u201d\u8bf4\u4e86\u4e0d\u7b97\uff0c \u4f46\u8981\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u534a\u201c\u4e13\u5bb6\u201d\u534a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u4f19\u90fd\u6709\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5e94\u8be5\u5c31\u7684\u786e\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u4e86<br \/>\n2\u3001\u9488\u5bf9\u7740\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u201c\u4e13\u5bb6\u201dPK\u201c\u7528\u6237\u201d\u6700\u7ec8\u8d77\u7801\u80fd\u51fa\u6765\u4e2a\u77e5\u5176\u6240\u4ee5\u7136\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4f30\u201d&amp;\u201c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u201d&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u662f\u4e4e\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ed3\u679c\u51fa\u6765 \u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>[11][11][11][11][11][11][11][11][11]<\/p>\n<p>=========================================================<br \/>\n=========================================================<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u8981\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u524d\u641c\u96c6\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d44\u6599\uff0c  \u7ed9\u516c\u5e03\u51fa\u6765\uff1a   \uff08\u51fa\u53bb\u90fd\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86 \u5e94\u8be5\u662fUPACHINA\u4ee5\u524d\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4f5c\u8005\u540d\u5b57\u8fd8\u6709\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p><b>\u5982\u4f55\u5f00\u5c55\u4e00\u4e2a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30 <\/b><br \/>\n\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<span style=\"color:Navy\">by Jakob Nielsen<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    \u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\uff08Heuristic Evaluation\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u4f5c\u4e3a\u518d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u91cd\u89c6\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u5de5\u7a0b\u6cd5\u3002 \u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u8ba9\u4e00\u5c0f\u6279\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u8bc4\u4f30\u754c\u9762\u4ee5\u53ca\u5224\u65ad\u8fd9\u4e9b\u754c\u9762\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u5df2\u7ecf\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u5373Heuristics\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n    \u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u8ba9\u5355\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53bb\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u5730\u662f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8868\u660e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5927\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u56fe1\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u91cc\uff0c19\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u8fdb\u5165\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u94f6\u884c\u8d26\u53f7\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u56de\u590d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u768416\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff08Nielsen 1992\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9ed1\u8272\u65b9\u5757\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5927\u5757\u533a\u57df\u91cc\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e0d\u76f8\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\u3002\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u4ee5\u81f3\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u90fd\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u53ea\u6709\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u9274\u5b9a\u8c01\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7136\u540e\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4ed6\/\u5979\u5e76\u4e0d\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u56fe\u4e2d\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u5374\u88ab\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u5f88\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff08\u5173\u4e8e\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u8bf7\u53c2\u770b\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff09\u3002\u6211\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4f7f\u75283\u52305\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u6279\u91cf\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"attachments\/month_0511\/wtlz_1111.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"attachments\/month_0511\/wtlz_1111.jpg\" alt=\"attachments\/month_0511\/wtlz_1111.jpg\" onload=\"javascript:DrawImage(this,520);\" class=\"img_normal\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n    \u56fe1\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u94f6\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u54ea\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5757\u8868\u793a\u662f\u5426\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u90a3\u4e00\u5217\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u9ed1\u8272\u8868\u793a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u767d\u8272\u8868\u793a\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u6240\u6709\u884c\u6309\u6700\u6210\u529f\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u6700\u4e0b\u9762\u6700\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u6700\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6392\u5217\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5217\u6309\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u6700\u53f3\u8fb9\u6700\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6392\u5217\u3002<br \/>\n    \u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5355\u72ec\u68c0\u67e5\u754c\u9762\u6765\u6267\u884c\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u90fd\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u624d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u4ea4\u6d41\u5e76\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u6574\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u65e0\u504f\u89c1\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u505a\u4e66\u9762\u62a5\u544a\u6216\u8005\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u8fb9\u4ed4\u7ec6\u67e5\u770b\u754c\u9762\u8fb9\u53e3\u8ff0\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u89c2\u5bdf\u5458\u3002\u4e66\u9762\u62a5\u544a\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u4ed8\u51fa\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u53bb\u8bfb\u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u603b\u7ed3\u3002\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u73af\u8282\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u53ea\u9700\u7406\u89e3\u5e76\u6574\u7406\u4e00\u7ec4\u81ea\u5df1\u5199\u7684\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u522b\u4eba\u5199\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u4e4b\u540e\u76f8\u5f53\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u64cd\u4f5c\u754c\u9762\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u9047\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u754c\u9762\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u534f\u52a9\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53ea\u6709\u6709\u9650\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e76\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u5bf9\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u51fa\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<br \/>\n    \u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6d4b\u8bd5\u60c5\u5f62\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u53eb\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8005\uff0cExperimenter\uff09\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u89e3\u91ca\u7528\u6237\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u4f5c\u4ece\u800c\u63a8\u65ad\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u4f5c\u5728\u754c\u9762\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8ddf\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u5982\u4f55\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u7528\u6237\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u5c31\u653e\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u73af\u8282\u4e2d\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\uff0c \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u754c\u9762\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002<br \/>\n    \u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u4e2a\u533a\u522b\u5c31\u662f\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u56de\u7b54\u6765\u81ea\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u81ea\u53d1\u6027\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u548c\u7ebf\u7d22\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u60f3\u8981\u53d1\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u754c\u9762\u65f6\u6240\u72af\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4eba\u5458\uff08Experimenters\uff09\u53ea\u613f\u610f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7edd\u5bf9\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u627e\u5230\u56de\u7b54\u4ed6\u4eec\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4eba\u5458\u89e3\u7b54\u3002\u5728\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u9886\u57df\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u56de\u7b54\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u975e\u6b64\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u5bb6\u5728\u5145\u5f53\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8bc4\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u5728\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u5f53\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u754c\u9762\u65f6\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u63d0\u793a\u5982\u679c\u53bb\u7ee7\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ece\u800c\u4e0d\u81f4\u4e8e\u6d6a\u8d39\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30 \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u70b9\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u5730\u9047\u5230\u9ebb\u70e6\u5e76\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u7ed9\u4e88\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e00\u822c\u5730\uff0c\u5355\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u89811\u52302\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6216\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u590d\u6742\u754c\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u754c\u9762\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u628a\u8bc4\u4f30\u5206\u6210\u51e0\u4e2a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u754c\u9762\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8bdd\u5c31\u66f4\u597d\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n    \u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u591a\u6b21\u67e5\u770b\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u5404\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u539f\u5219\uff08Heuristics\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9bHeuristics\u662f\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u6613\u7528\u754c\u9762\u901a\u5e38\u5177\u5907\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7279\u70b9\u7684\u901a\u7528\u539f\u5219\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8981\u5c06\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u901a\u7528Heuristics\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6210\u5206\u4e2d\u53bb\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u4e5f\u660e\u663e\u5141\u8bb8\u53bb\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0e\u4efb\u4e00\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6210\u5206\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u539f\u5219\u6216\u7ed3\u679c\u8003\u8651\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u7279\u6b8a\u7c7b\u578b\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684Heuristics\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u5bf9\u901a\u7528Heuristics\u7684\u8865\u5145\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u79cd\u7c7bheuristics\u7684\u8865\u5145\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u8fdb\u884ccompetitive\u7684\u5206\u6790\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u5c3d\u91cf\u53bb\u6982\u62ec\u51fa\u539f\u5219\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\uff08Dykstra 1993\uff09<br \/>\n\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u81ea\u5df1\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u8bc4\u4f30\u754c\u9762\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u81f3\u5c11\u5f97\u628a\u754c\u9762\u8fc7\u4e24\u904d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u7528\u6765\u611f\u89c9\u4e00\u4e0b\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u83b7\u77e5\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u522b\u7684\u754c\u9762\u5143\u7d20\u5982\u4f55\u9002\u7528\u5728\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u91cc\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u7cbe\u529b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u754c\u9762\u5143\u7d20\u4e0a\u3002<br \/>\n\u7531\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u505a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff08Real Task\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u7eb8\u4e0a\u8fd8\u5e76\u672a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff08Nielsen 1990\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4f7f\u5f97\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u9002\u5408\u8fd0\u7528\u5728\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u5de5\u7a0b\u5f00\u53d1\u5468\u671f\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u3002<br \/>\n    \u5982\u679c\u8981\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5927\u4f17\u5316\u7684\u6216\u8005\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6709\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u534f\u52a9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u6b8a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e76\u4e14\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u76f8\u5f53\u65e0\u77e5\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u4e3a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u534f\u52a9\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u754c\u9762\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u7528\u6237\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u7ec4\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u800c\u9700\u8981\u505a\u7684\u5404\u7c7b\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u63a5\u8fd1\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u5fc5\u987b\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5bf9\u771f\u6b63\u7528\u6237\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u5206\u6790\uff08Task Analysis\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u3002<br \/>\n    \u4f7f\u7528\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u540e\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u773c\u91cc\u8fdd\u80cc\u4e86\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u539f\u5219\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u89e3\u91ca\u4f9d\u636eHeuristics\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u6210\u679c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u3002\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u505a\u5230\u8be6\u7ec6\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u5355\u72ec\u5217\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5143\u7d20\uff08Dialogue Element\uff09\u67093\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5fc5\u987b\u8ddf\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u539f\u5219\u5217\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u5f00\u6ce8\u660e\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5143\u7d20\uff08Dialogue Element\uff09\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u8ddf\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6240\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u80fd\u5168\u90e8\u89e3\u51b3\u6216\u8005\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u66ff\u4ee3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9014\u5f84\u53bb\u68c0\u6d4b\u4efb\u4f55\u518d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5927\u6982\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u65e8\u5728\u5229\u7528\u5df2\u786e\u7acb\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u539f\u5219\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u6839\u636e\u7531\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8fdd\u80cc\u7684\u3001\u597d\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u5177\u5907\u7684\u539f\u5219\u6240\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51c6\u5219\u6765\u5236\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fee\u6b63\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u521a\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n    \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u6cd5\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff08Window\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u590d\u5236\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5f88\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5c31\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u5236\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u5b57\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u660e\u663e\u662f\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u754c\u9762\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u660e\u786e\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u65b9\u6848\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u505a\u590d\u5236\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6216\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u4e24\u79cd\u5b57\u4f53\u683c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u54ea\u79cd\u6765\u7edf\u4e00\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5ef6\u4f38\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u73af\u8282\u4e4b\u540e\u5236\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u53c2\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u62a5\u544a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u5e94\u5305\u62ec\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eec\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u81ea\u7531\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u7cbe\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u65e8\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u539f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u5927\u81f4\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u518d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u5e76\u4e0d\u6ce8\u91cd\u53d1\u73b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u62a5\u544a\u4e5f\u4e3a\u8ba8\u8bba\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<br \/>\n\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u88ab\u660e\u786e\u5730\u6210\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4fbf\u5b9c\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u5de5\u7a0b\u201d\uff08Discount Usability Engineering\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7814\u7a76\uff08Jefries et al. 1991\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u660e\u786e\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u5de5\u7a0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u6211\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u5229\u76ca-\u5f00\u9500\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u662f48:1\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u5927\u6982\u662f10,500\u7f8e\u5706\uff0c\u800c\u9884\u671f\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u5927\u6982\u5728500,000\u5de6\u53f3\uff08Nielsen 1994\uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4fbf\u5b9c\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u5de5\u7a0b\u201d\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6216\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<br \/>\n\u6d4b\u5b9a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u6570\u91cf<br \/>\n    \u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u5355\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u9488\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\u5f53\u53ea\u6709\u5355\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u975e\u5e38\u5730\u5dee\u30026\u4e2a\u6211\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u5e73\u5747\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5355\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53ea\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u754c\u9762\u4e0a35%\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u505a\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ed3\u679c\u6574\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002\u56fe2\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u968f\u7740\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u52a0\u5165\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u76c8\u5229\u70b9\uff08Payoff\uff09\u3002\u770b\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u69825\u4e2a\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u662f\u5f88\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u5fc5\u987b\u81f3\u5c113\u4e2a\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u660e\u786e\u6570\u91cf\u8981\u770b\u5f00\u9500-\u5229\u76ca\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u660e\u663e\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u5f88\u5dee\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\u6216\u8005\u5f53\u7531\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u89c1\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u8d62\u5229\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u6295\u5165\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"attachments\/month_0511\/if8l_2222.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"attachments\/month_0511\/if8l_2222.jpg\" alt=\"attachments\/month_0511\/if8l_2222.jpg\" onload=\"javascript:DrawImage(this,520);\" class=\"img_normal\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n    \u56fe2\uff1a\u66f2\u7ebf\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u901a\u8fc7\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u66f2\u7ebf\u4ee3\u8868\u4e866\u4e2a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<br \/>\n    Nielsen\u548cLandauer\uff081993\uff09\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u53ef\u7528\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5f15\u8fdb\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<br \/>\n    ProblemsFound (i) = N (1 &#8211; (1-l) i)<br \/>\n    ProblemsFound (i)\u4ee3\u8868\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u8ba1i\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u62a5\u544a\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002N\u8868\u793a\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u603b\u6570\uff0cI\u8868\u793a\u5355\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u5168\u90e8\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u57286\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff08Nielsen\u548cLandauer 1993\uff09\uff0cI\u7684\u503c\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u572819\uff05\u548c 51\uff05\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u4e3a34\uff05\u3002N\u7684\u503c\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u662f\u572816\u548c 50\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u4e3a33\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u66f2\u7ebf\u4e0e\u56fe2\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u66f2\u7ebf\u7684\u786e\u5207\u5f62\u72b6\u968f\u7740\u53d8\u91cfN\u548cI\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u800c\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dN\u548cI\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u3002<br \/>\n    \u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u5b9a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0d\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8003\u8651\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u548c\u4e0d\u5b9a\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u56fa\u5b9a\u5f00\u9500\u662f\u6307\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u7ba1\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u652f\u4ed8\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6848\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5199\u8bc4\u4f30\u62a5\u544a\u6216\u8005\u4ea4\u6d41\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f00\u9500\u662f\u6307\u6bcf\u6b21\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u52a0\u5165\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u90a3\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u7528\u5230\u7684\u7535\u8111\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u6839\u636e\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u5f00\u9500\u57283\uff0c700\u7f8e\u5143\u548c4800\u7f8e\u5143\u4e4b\u95f4\uff1b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f00\u9500\u5728410\u7f8e\u5143\u548c900\u7f8e\u5143\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<br \/>\n    \u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u548c\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f00\u9500\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5e76\u4f9d\u8d56\u6bcf\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u88ab\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u754c\u9762\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u5f00\u9500\u65f64000\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f00\u9500\u65f6600\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528i\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u603b\u8d39\u7528\u5c31\u662f\uff084000\uff0b600i\uff09\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<br \/>\n    \u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u7684\u76ca\u5904\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e9b\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ca\u5904\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u8f83\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8303\u4f8b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Nielsen\u548cLandauer\uff081993\uff09\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8bbe\u60f3\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u503c15,000\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u660e\u663e\u9700\u8981\u5728\u9884\u671f\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u4f30\u8ba1\u53d1\u73b0\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ef7\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7528\u6237\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u9884\u671f\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4f30\u8ba1\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u5f00\u653e\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u51fa\u552e\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ef7\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7531\u4e8e\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6ee1\u610f\u7387\u6216\u66f4\u597d\u7684Review Ratings\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u9500\u552e\u7684\u9884\u671f\u589e\u957f\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u88ab\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u53ea\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u51fa\u8d27\u4e4b\u524d\u771f\u6b63\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u540e\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e2d\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"attachments\/month_0511\/tqix_333.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"attachments\/month_0511\/tqix_333.jpg\" alt=\"attachments\/month_0511\/tqix_333.jpg\" onload=\"javascript:DrawImage(this,520);\" class=\"img_normal\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n    \u56fe3\uff1a\u66f2\u7ebf\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u8ba8\u8bba\u5230\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\u7684\u8303\u4f8b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u662f\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u591a\u5c11\u90e8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u6570\u91cf\u662f4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u662f\u82b1\u8d39\u768462\u500d\u3002<br \/>\n    \u56fe3\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8303\u4f8b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u82b1\u8d39\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u66f2\u7ebf\u8868\u660e\u5f53\u524d\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u6570\u91cf\u662f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u70b9\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u6587\u7ae0\u5f00\u5934\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u6700\u597d\u4f7f\u75283\uff0d5\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u67094\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u82b1\u8d396,400\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5e76\u627e\u5230\u4ef7\u503c395,000\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<br \/>\n\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\u76ee<br \/>\n? Dykstra, D. J. 1993. A Comparison of Heuristic Evaluation and Usability Testing: The Efficacy of a Domain-Specific Heuristic Checklist. Ph.D. diss., Department of Industrial Engineering, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, TX.<br \/>\n? Jeffries, R., Miller, J. R., Wharton, C., and Uyeda, K. M. 1991. User interface evaluation in the real world: A comparison of four techniques. Proceedings ACM CHI&#39;91 Conference (New Orleans, LA, April 28-May 2), 119-124.<br \/>\n? Molich, R., and Nielsen, J. (1990). Improving a human-computer dialogue, Communications of the ACM 33, 3 (March), 338-348.<br \/>\n? Nielsen, J. 1990. Paper versus computer implementations as mockup scenarios for heuristic evaluation. Proc. IFIP INTERACT90 Third Intl. Conf. Human-Computer Interaction (Cambridge, U.K., August 27-31), 315-320.<br \/>\n? Nielsen, J., and Landauer, T. K. 1993. A mathematical model of the finding of usability problems. Proceedings ACM\/IFIP INTERCHI&#39;93 Conference (Amsterdam, The Netherlands, April 24-29), 206-213.<br \/>\n? Nielsen, J., and Molich, R. (1990). Heuristic evaluation of user interfaces, Proc. ACM CHI&#39;90 Conf. (Seattle, WA, 1-5 April), 249-256.<br \/>\n? Nielsen, J. 1992. Finding usability problems through heuristic evaluation. Proceedings ACM CHI&#39;92 Conference (Monterey, CA, May 3-7), 373-380.<br \/>\n? Nielsen, J. (1994). Heuristic evaluation. In Nielsen, J., and Mack, R.L. (Eds.), Usability Inspection Methods. John Wiley &amp; Sons, New York, NY.<br \/>\n10\u6761\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u51c6\u5219\uff08Heuristics\uff09<br \/>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53ef\u89c1\u5ea6<br \/>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u8be5\u59cb\u7ec8\u5728\u5408\u7406\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u4fe1\u606f\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u77e5\u9053\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<br \/>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u543b\u5408<br \/>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u7528\u6237\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u77ed\u8bed\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u8bf4\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u9762\u5411\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u9075\u5faa\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u8ba9\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5408\u4e4e\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u5c55\u73b0\u5728\u7528\u6237\u9762\u524d\u3002<br \/>\n\u7528\u6237\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u81ea\u7531<br \/>\n\u7528\u6237\u7ecf\u5e38\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u7531\u4e8e\u8bef\u64cd\u4f5c\u800c\u5ef6\u4f38\u51fa\u6765\u5730\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u5730\u6807\u5fd7\u4e3a\u201c\u7d27\u6025\u9000\u51fa\u201d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u79bb\u5f00\u4e0d\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u201c\u64a4\u9500\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u548c\u201c\u91cd\u505a\u201d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u6807\u51c6<br \/>\n\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5fc5\u53bb\u62c5\u5fc3\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u60c5\u5f62\u6216\u52a8\u4f5c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u540c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u9075\u5faa\u5e73\u53f0\u60ef\u4f8b\u3002<br \/>\n\u9884\u9632\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u53d1\u751f<br \/>\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5148\u5c31\u80fd\u9884\u9632\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8981\u6bd4\u597d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\u597d\u7684\u591a\u3002<br \/>\n\u8bc6\u522b\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u56de\u5fc6<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u548c\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4ece\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5fc5\u53bb\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf4\u660e\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u6216\u8005\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u83b7\u53d6\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8212\u9002\u6027\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u6027<br \/>\n\u52a0\u901f\u5668\uff0d\u521d\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u672a\u89c1\u8fc7\u7684\uff0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ecf\u5e38\u52a0\u5feb\u4e13\u5bb6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u8fce\u5408\u65e0\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<br \/>\n\u6709\u5ba1\u7f8e\u611f\u7684\u548c\u5185\u5bb9\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6216\u8005\u5f88\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7684\u989d\u5916\u4fe1\u606f\u4f1a\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u964d\u4f4e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u3002<br \/>\n\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u8bc6\u522b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8bca\u65ad\u9519\u8bef\u5e76\u4ece\u9519\u8bef\u4e2d\u6062\u590d\u8fc7\u6765<br \/>\n\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u800c\u975e\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u6070\u5f53\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u3002<br \/>\n\u6700\u521d\u57281990\u5e74\u6211\u548cRolf Molich\u5408\u4f5c\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u6cd5\u7684\u51c6\u5219 (Molich and Nielsen 1990; Nielsen and Molich 1990)\u3002 \u968f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a249\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u5206\u6790\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7cbe\u7b80\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51c6\u5219\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u6700\u5177\u89e3\u91ca\u529b\u7684\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ec4\u4fee\u8ba2\u8fc7\u7684\u51c6\u5219 (Nielsen 1994b)\u3002<br \/>\n\u66f4\u65b02004<br \/>\n\u6211\u57282004\u5e74\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u4ee5\u5f80\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u6307\u5bfc\u51c6\u5219\u7684\u53ef\u9002\u7528\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u5c06\u5728\u62c9\u65af\u7ef4\u52a0\u65af\u548c\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u4e39\u76842004\u5e74\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e2d\u88ab\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5230\u3002<br \/>\nSee Also:<br \/>\n? Bruce &quot;Tog&quot; Tognazzini&#39;s list of basic principles for interface design. The list is slightly too long for heuristic evaluation but serves as a useful checklist.<br \/>\n? The 10 usability heuristics applied to everyday life (just for fun)<br \/>\n\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\u76ee<br \/>\n? Molich, R., and Nielsen, J. (1990). Improving a human-computer dialogue, Communications of the ACM 33, 3 (March), 338-348.<br \/>\n? Nielsen, J., and Molich, R. (1990). Heuristic evaluation of user interfaces, Proc. ACM CHI&#39;90 Conf. (Seattle, WA, 1-5 April), 249-256.<br \/>\n? Nielsen, J. (1994a). Enhancing the explanatory power of usability heuristics. Proc. ACM CHI&#39;94 Conf. (Boston, MA, April 24-28), 152-158.<br \/>\n? Nielsen, J. (1994b). Heuristic evaluation. In Nielsen, J., and Mack, R.L. (Eds.), Usability Inspection Methods, John Wiley &amp; Sons, New York, NY.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u73b0\u8c61\u4e00\uff1a \u6700\u8fd1\u7ecf\u5e38\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u201c\u4e13\u5bb6\u201d\u4eec\u7ed9\u4eba\u5bb6\u505a\u4ea7\u54c1\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u8fd8\u6765\u4e86\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4f30\u201d\uff08\u5145\u5176\u91cf\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e2a\u201c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-137","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-3"],"views":69297,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucdchina.com\/baiya\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucdchina.com\/baiya\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucdchina.com\/baiya\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucdchina.com\/baiya\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucdchina.com\/baiya\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=137"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ucdchina.com\/baiya\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucdchina.com\/baiya\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=137"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucdchina.com\/baiya\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=137"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucdchina.com\/baiya\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=137"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}